温度传感器时间常数测试技术发展现状与分析

总结了近年来温度传感器时间常数测试技术的发展现状，包括各种测试方法的工作原理、系统结构及研究成果。根据热源及测试装置的特点对现有测试方法进行了分类，并进行了不同测试方法的对比分析，指出了不同测试方法的优点和适用性。基于当前温度传感器微纳化和高速响应的发展趋势，结合行业发展需求，提出了温度传感器高速动态响应测试技术研究应注意的问题和发展方向。     

基于MBSE的副翼及其操纵系统研发技术及应用

飞机的设计研发是一项涉及多学科领域、多目标、多约束的复杂系统工程过程,系统耦合紧密、参与人员众多、设计信息庞杂,以文档为中心的需求管理等传统研发方法突显出一定的困难,亟需探索新的飞机设计研发方法。以副翼及其操纵系统为研究对象,对基于模型的系统工程(Model Based System Engineering,以下简称MBSE)方法进行了探索研究:采用达索MBSE方法论-MMS(Modeling Methodology for Systems,以下简称MMS),从使命、服务、功能和组件不同视角对副翼及其操纵系统研发的各个方面进行解析,进而完整定义系统;利用达索3D Experience平台,通过RFLP系统工程架构,进行了副翼及其操纵系统的需求开发、功能分析及逻辑架构设计,完成了需求、功能、逻辑架构、系统仿真、物理设计等模型的关联追溯,实现了以达索MBSE方法论为核心的研发技术的有效应用。     

基于粒子群核极限学习机的涡扇发动机加速过程模型辨识

针对解析法建立涡扇发动机加速过程模型精度和实时性不高的问题,提出了一种基于粒子群核极值学习机(PSO-KELM)的涡扇发动机加速过程模型数据驱动辨识方法,构建涡扇发动机加速过程模型,结合加速过程试车数据,利用PSO-KELM方法对该加速模型进行辨识。试验结果表明:低压转子转速、高压转子转速和低压涡轮出口燃气总温都较好地逼近了试车数据,最大相对误差均值分别为1.013%,0.355%和1.055%,平均计算时间为0.04ms。精度和实时性均优于反向传播神经网络和粒子群支持向量回归方法,可用于发动机状态监控和性能优化控制。     

Aerodynamic shape optimization for alleviating dynamic stall characteristics of helicopter rotor airfoil

In order to alleviate the dynamic stall effects in helicopter rotor, the sequential quadratic programming(SQP) method is employed to optimize the characteristics of airfoil under dynamic stall conditions based on the SC1095 airfoil. The geometry of airfoil is parameterized by the class-shape-transformation(CST) method, and the C-topology body-fitted mesh is then automatically generated around the airfoil by solving the Poisson equations. Based on the grid generation technology, the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations are chosen as the governing equations for predicting airfoil flow field and the highly-efficient implicit scheme of lower–upper symmetric Gauss–Seidel(LU-SGS) is adopted for temporal discretization. To capture the dynamic stall phenomenon of the rotor more accurately, the Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model is employed to close the RANS equations. The optimized airfoil with a larger leading edge radius and camber is obtained. The leading edge vortex and trailing edge separation of the optimized airfoil under unsteady conditions are obviously weakened, and the dynamic stall characteristics of optimized airfoil at different Mach numbers, reduced frequencies and angles of attack are also obviously improved compared with the baseline SC1095 airfoil. It is demonstrated that the optimized method is effective and the optimized airfoil is suitable as the helicopter rotor airfoil.     

基于终端滑模的直接力/气动力复合控制系统设计

针对空空导弹直接力/气动力复合控制问题,建议一种基于非奇异快速终端滑模控制方法(NFTSM)和动态控制分配技术的复合控制策略。根据导弹纵向运动模型设计非奇异快速终端滑模控制器,获得建立导弹过载所需要的控制力矩。采用动态控制分配将期望的控制力矩映射到气动舵和直接力装置。仿真结果表明,提出方法适用于空空导弹直接力/气动力复合控制系统设计,能够快速精确跟踪过载指令。     

Validation of numerical prediction of dynamic derivatives: The DLR-F12 and the Transcruiser test cases

The dynamic derivatives are widely used in linear aerodynamic models in order to determine the flying qualities of an aircraft: the ability to predict them reliably, quickly and sufficiently early in the design process is vital in order to avoid late and costly component redesigns. This paper describes experimental and computational research dealing with the determination of dynamic derivatives carried out within the FP6 European project SimSAC. Numerical and experimental results are compared for two aircraft configurations: a generic civil transport aircraft, wing-fuselage-tail configuration called the DLR-F12 and a generic Transonic CRuiser, which is a canard configuration. Static and dynamic wind tunnel tests have been carried out for both configurations and are briefly described within this paper. The data generated for both the DLR-F12 and TCR configurations include force and pressure coefficients obtained during small amplitude pitch, roll and yaw oscillations while the data for the TCR configuration also include large amplitude oscillations, in order to investigate the dynamic effects on nonlinear aerodynamic characteristics. In addition, dynamic derivatives have been determined for both configurations with a large panel of tools, from linear aerodynamic (Vortex Lattice Methods) to CFD. This work confirms that an increase in fidelity level enables the dynamic derivatives to be calculated more accurately. Linear aerodynamics tools are shown to give satisfactory results but are very sensitive to the geometry/mesh input data. Although all the quasi-steady CFD approaches give comparable results (robustness) for steady dynamic derivatives, they do not allow the prediction of unsteady components for the dynamic derivatives (angular derivatives with respect to time): this can be done with either a fully unsteady approach i.e. with a time-marching scheme or with frequency domain solvers, both of which provide comparable results for the DLR-F12 test case. As far as the canard configuration is concerned, strong limitations for the linear aerodynamic tools are observed. A key aspect of this work are the acceleration techniques developed for CFD methods, which allow the computational time to be dramatically reduced while providing comparable results.     

基于动力学模型的再入弹道估计方法研究

对再入飞行器进行跟踪,获取目标弹道的精确估计具有十分重要的现实意义。飞行器在再入段的弹道可用较为精确的动力学模型描述,并利用UKF对目标的弹道进行估计,与3RR.几何法解算结果进行比对。仿真结果表明,对于弹道式再入飞行器,基于BRV-Exp模型的弹道估计精度比3RR.法具有明显改善;对于机动式再入飞行器,基于MRV-Wiener模型的估计精度只是略微优于3RR.法的弹道估计精度。     

临近空间高速飞行器综合信道模型研究

针对临近空间飞行器在高速飞行时所经历的高动态多普勒和等离子鞘套等恶劣通信环境以及其通信中断问题,提出了临近空间高速飞行器的综合信道模型方案,在对综合信道内电波传输信道特性分析的基础上将其建模为频率选择性快衰落信道;同时建立了等离子鞘套信道的数学模型,利用传输矩阵法和FDTD算法计算了表征大尺度衰落的电波传输透射系数,并根据散射信道建模方法给出了小尺度衰落的仿真模型并对其参数的获取进行了分析.仿真计算和定性分析表明了该综合信道模型方案的可行性.     

基于广义Stewart平台的精密跟瞄机构动态各向同性优化设计

设计一个各向同性、高精度、满足给定负载特性的Stewart并联机构,满足精密跟瞄机构的精密指向、振动隔离及抑制性能仍然是比较困难的,而且各向同性标准Stewart并联机构对负载的约束条件极为苛刻.为解决这一问题,提出具有容错特性的一类广义Stewart并联机构,定义动态各向同性概念及指标,考虑负载质量几何特性,推导了动态各向同性描述及条件的解析数学形式.将局部动态各向同性与全域工作空间灵活性好、满足运动能力和无构件干涉等目标相综合,建立了精密跟瞄广义Stewart并联机构的优化设计方法.结果表明广义Stewart并联机构能够放松各向同性时对负载的条件约束,设计方法优化并具有工程应用价值.     

微波成像仪扫描转动对卫星姿态的影响分析和控制实现

介绍了微波成像仪扫描运动方式,分析了微波成像仪扫描运动及对卫星姿态稳定性的影响,提出了微波成像仪扫描运动稳定性控制中天线静平衡、天线展开到位精度、转动体动平衡和整体动平衡状态的控制方法。给出了微波成像仪扫描平衡状态及在轨验证效果。结果表明：微波成像仪动平衡控制有效,达到了预期的姿态稳定性控制要求。